Unit 1: Network Infrastructure
This will allow you to demonstrate your networking skills, knowledge, and abilities, with a focus on enterprise-level switching, routing, and multicast components that support cross-platform (inter)operability and integration with the most recent software-defined technologies.

Spanning Tree Protocol – RSTP BPDU Format

Only one BPDU is used in RSTP to build loop-free topologies and send messages when topologies change. In 802.1d, there were two types of BPDUs – Hello BPDUs and TCN BPDUs.

Only 2 of the 8 bits in the Flags field of the BPDU were only used by 802.1d to recognize and send out changes to the topology. The remaining 6 bits are used by 802.1w to send the following extra information:

  • Learning bit
  • Forwarding bit
  • Agreement bit
  • Proposal bit
  • Port Role bits

The fact that the TCA bit is not utilized in RSTP makes it possible for the BPDU in RSTP to include information regarding the role and condition of the port that originated the data. This makes it possible for RSTP’s dispute mechanism to defend against problems with unidirectional links.

In the 802.1d protocol, the Root switch was the only switch that had the capability to send configuration BPDUs to all other switches. In the case that a network event took place, the switches would be required to wait for the MaxAge-MessagAge period to pass before the initial superior BPDU that was received by the root switch, which was now disconnected, would terminate.

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